
Le mot “photographie” vient du grec et signifie littéralement “écrire avec la lumière”.
L’éclairage est l’aspect le plus important d’une image, il peut rendre une photo intéressante ou la faire rejeter.
Il existe deux types de lumière de base : naturelle et artificielle.
Ici nous nous intéresseront uniquement à l’utilisation de la lumière naturelle.
Toute lumière n’est pas égale et vous devez rapidement devenir assez compétent pour déterminer comment la lumière affectera votre image.
Le triangle d’exposition

L’ouverture du diaphragme, la vitesse d’obturation et la sensibilité ISO constituent les trois côtés du triangle d’exposition.
Choisissez la valeur d’exposition qui vous permettra d’atteindre vos objectifs pour votre image.
A ce stade vous devriez idéalement maîtriser les paramètres de votre appareil photo.
Gardez à l’esprit que la modification de l’un des trois paramètres affectera les deux autres paramètres.
Lorsque vous faites des photos de stock, utilisez une valeur ISO pas trop élevée (moins de 400 ISO) pour éviter le bruit dans vos images.
Utilisez aussi si possible un diaphragme plus petit que f/8 afin d’avoir une bonne profondeur de champ. Cela signifie qu’il faudra utiliser le trépied dans beaucoup de situations.
Photographiez à l’heure dorée
Si vous faites des photos en extérieur, votre source principale de lumière sera le soleil.
Photographiez de préférence aux heures dorées lorsque le soleil est bas dans le ciel.
Soit à l’aube, soit en fin de journée. Son intensité dans ces moments est moins forte qu’en pleine journée. En conséquence, le contraste, qui est la différence entre les ombres profondes et les parties claires de votre photo sera mieux équilibré.
Téléchargez “Photo Ephemeris”, c’est une application pour smartphone pour vous aider à planifier vos heures de prises de vues en plein air.
C’est un outils très puissant qui permet de savoir où et quand va se lever et se coucher le soleil, ce qui est d’une grande aide pour réaliser des photos exceptionnelles.
Pour télécharger Photo Ephemeris, rendez-vous sur cette page :
https://www.photoephemeris.com/
Voici une vidéo qui en explique le fonctionnement :
18 réponses à “Eclairage et exposition”
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